Interhemispheric transport of relativistic electron beams

Relativistic electron beams above thunderclouds

Non-luminous relativistic electron beams above thunderclouds have been detected by the radio signals of low frequency ∼40–400 kHz which they radiate. The electron beams occur ∼2–9 ms after positive cloud-to-ground lightning discharges at heights between ∼22–72 km above thunderclouds. Intense positive lightning discharges can also cause sprites which occur either above or prior to the electron b...

Radiative Cooling of Relativistic Electron Beams

Radiative cooling is a natural and effective method of phase-space cooling for stored electron beams. In electron storage rings the average effects of synchrotron radiation from the bending magnets cause the beam emittances in all three degrees of freedom to damp towards equilibria, determined by the fluctuating nature of quantum emissions. In this paper, we show that the radiation damping in a...

Electromagnetic Radiation from Relativistic Electron Beams

These notes represent an introduction to the physics of synchrotron radiation. Such radiation is produced by relativistic electron beams being de‡ected by magnetic ...eld. Speci...cally, relativistic electron beams are injected into circular accelerators, called storage rings, where they circulate for many hours while continuously producing synchrotron radiation for the bene...t of research in ...

Stimulated Backscattering From Relativistic Unmagnetized Electron Beams

Tokamak heating by relativistic electron beams

The use of relativistic electron beams for supplementary heating of tokamaks to ignition temperatures is discussed, under the assumption that they can be successfully injected. It is shown that if an electron beam with presentstate-of-the-art power, but longer pulse length, can be injected into an Ohmically pre-heated tokamak plasma, it transfers its energy to the plasma on a time-scale short e...